Cystitis is the inflammation of the walls of the bladder. It is characterized by fast (every 15-20 minutes), urinating is very painful in small parts, sometimes with a combination of blood, body temperature below. The transformation of the disease to chronic form, the rise of infection and the development of the kidney inflammation, and in decrease - in the urethra is possible. In the diagnosis of cystitis, urine analysis and ultrasound results of the bladder help the urinary doctor. To determine the cause of cystitis, urine and smear from the urethra is done. Cystitis therapy implies mainly an effective drug effect for infectious agents that cause it.
General informationCystitis is an inflammation of the bladder. In most cases, cystitis is contagious. The disease spreads, affecting the representatives of gender weaker and stronger, but more common in women due to some anatomical characteristics of the structure of the female body.
Women's urethra (urethra) are wider and shorter than men, so pathogens easily penetrate the bladder. This determines more frequent cystitis in women. Typically, women of the age of giving birth with cystitis. There are cases where regular cystitis develops in a woman many times, significantly worsens the quality of her life.
As a rule, cystitis is represented by a representative of conditional flora-a stick, streptococci, staphylococci, etc. v. . . Sometimes cystitis occurs due to infections of pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases-Mycoplasma and Urplasma.
Symptoms of cystitisThe most typical symptoms of cystitis are painful urination, accompanied by the remaining feeling of burning and rubbing. In addition, patients with cystitis are disturbed by lower abdominal pain and the feeling of making the bladder empty incomplete. Sometimes with cystitis, urinary incontinence develops, appearing with a strong desire to urinate.
Cystic urine can become mud or get a red tone due to impurities of red blood cells. The temperature sometimes increases to 37, 5 degrees. The increase in temperature with cystitis can signal the possible disease of the kidneys, so in such cases, it is urgent when applying for a qualified medical care.
The rate of cystitisAcute cystitis is one of the most common urinary diseases. Typically, unproving cystitis is found, in which bacteria only affect mucous membranes, without affecting the lower layer of the mucosa. According to studies in the urinary field, acute cystitis each year falls from 26 to 36 million. At the same time, the incidence of women is 500-700 episodes over 1000, while in men from 21 to 50 years old, a similar index is just 6-8 cases over 1000.
Girls with cystitis are more often three times more often than boys. The disease is extremely rare in newborns and children under 1 year of age and over 1-3 and 13-15 years old. Typically, cystitis occurs in children from 4 to 12 years old.
Chronic cystitis also belongs to the number of spacious urinary diseases. According to the study, chronic cystitis was 11 to 21% of the population. A significant dispersion of data is due to a different approach to determine chronic cystitis. A number of studies on studies believe that chronic cystitis diagnosis should be performed if the serious frequency is twice a year or more, other exacerbations are not specified.
Cystitis in the summerIt is not likely that a woman who wants the joy of warm summer days is overshadowed by an unpleasant disease like cystitis. Meanwhile, in the summer, especially if a woman leaves home and falls into an unusual environment, there are many reasons for cystitis.
The most common cause of cystitis in the warm season:
Accommodation in a new place on vacation, causing problems with hygienic rules;
Lower body heat, occurs due to prolonged bath in cold water;
Violating the usual urination regime related to flight, moving or in a new place (in such conditions, a woman often has to endure for a long time, waiting for a convenient occasion);
A strong climate change, negatively affecting immunity.
An additional risk factor for the development of cystitis is sometimes an increase in sexual activity compared to the foundation of conditions listed as unfavorable for the female body.
However, if your holiday overshadows the appearance of an unpleasant disease like cystitis, you have to urgently contact the urinary doctor. To clarify the diagnosis, it will be necessary to undergo an ultrasound of the bladder and urine analysis. Modern antibacterial drugs effectively affect cystitis, which can accelerate recovery and prevent the conversion of acute cystitis to chronic.
Unlike the drugs of the previous generations that affect the whole body, modern antibiotics are used to treat cystitis selective action on inflamed tissues of bladder, in fact without affecting other organs and systems. The concentration of the drug reaches the maximum values only in the urine and inflamed mucous membranes of the bladder. This can minimize the toxicity of the body in the treatment of cystitis and increase the effectiveness of the drug.
Toxicity is an unpleasant side effect caused by many drugs to treat cystitis. It shows sensitivity to sunlight, the appearance of red and burns even when exposed to UV rays of small intensity. It develops due to the presence of substances in drugs with properties of photosynthesis and luminescence. Such substances lead to the appearance of a large number of free radicals on the skin, thus, causing destruction of skin cells, inflammation and burns.
Inflammation during pregnancyCystitis can grow in any pregnancy. The probability of cystitis development increases due to the movement of internal organs, forced by an increased uterus, changing hormones and hemodynamics. The impact of these factors causes an incomplete bladder drum and the rest of the urine in the bladder acts as a favorable environment for bacterial growth.
In the first signs of cystitis, a pregnant woman should undergo an extraordinary consultation of a gynecologist to conduct pregnant and tell him about the symptoms that appeared. If necessary, the doctor will give the patient one towards the urinary doctor.
Children's cystitisCystitis can develop in a child of all ages, however, for girls at school and old schools, the risk of disease increases 5-6 times. The main causes of the regular development of cystitis in children of this group are some factors. The ovaries of girls have not started producing estrogen, the barriers of the mucous membrane are low, and the wide and short urethra allows pathogenic microorganisms to enter the bladder compartment.
The probability of cystitis development increases in cases of other diseases due to reduced immunity and forming favorable conditions to reproduce pathogenic bacteria in the urethra. The main way to prevent cystitis in girls is to carefully adhere to hygienic rules.
Causes of cystitisIn 70-95% of patients with acute cystitis, the cause of the disease becomes a wand, in 5-20% of patients, Staphylococcus is found, and the rest, Proe or Klebsell acts as a pathogen. Typically, cystitis is represented by a conditional plant system. With the growth of cystitis due to interventions of tools or surgery, Gram -Negative bacteria often become the cause of the disease. Studies confirm that cystic pathogens may not only be bacteria but also viruses, Mycoplasmas, Trichomonas, Chlamydia and different mushrooms.
The wide rate of cystitis in women is due to the low length and wide distance of the urethra, and its location compared to other organs. Women's urethra, unlike men, close to the anus. The anatomical characteristics and topography of the female body contribute to the infusion of pathogens into the urethra, their movement to the bladder and the development of cystitis.
In men, cystitis rarely develops. The reason for the appearance of cystitis in men often becomes urethritis, prostate, appendix of testes and bubbles. Sometimes the infection of the urethra occurs due to the placement of the bladder catheter in women and men.
The risk of cystitis increases during the diarrhea of the bladder in men with prostate adenoma, one of the symptoms is a constant delay in urine. The danger of the development of cystitis also increased when the birth of a catheter of a pregnant woman or recently gave birth to a woman, this was due to a decrease in the tone of the urinary tract.
Treatment of cystitisThe treatment of cystitis quickly and completely restoring the mucous membrane of the bladder is possible with the timely start of treatment and the use of drugs effectively. It should be emphasized that the chance of completely eliminating cystitis increases when timely diagnosis and use of drugs detect pathogens of infection. After that, the beginning of treatment and prescribing drugs only eliminates the symptoms of cystitis, without affecting the pathogenic environment, which can lead to the conversion of acute cystitis to chronic.
The main task that the doctor treats cystitis is the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms entering the bladder and causing mucositis. The selection of antibacterial cystitis is determined by parameters such as the time of the disease and the severity of the symptoms. In addition, when choosing the drug, the possible side effects, the absorption of the drug, the method and its excretion speed, the presence of simultaneous diseases, v. v.
The effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of cystitis is determined by the ability of this drug to affect certain microorganisms. Remember that pathogenic bacteria adapt and become not sensitive to antibiotics. Over time, the main agent of cystitis (E. coli) has become resistant to this drug. In addition, pills treat cystitis, related to the previous generation of antibiotics, have a high level of toxicity and cause different side effects.
When choosing a medication to treat cystitis, the cost of treatment should also be taken into account, this is determined not only by the cost of one tablet, but also by the true effect of antibiotics, use time and possible risk to the health of the patient. Today, there are drugs available to treat cystitis, selective effects affecting pathogens of the disease. When in the body, the drug focuses on the bladder, allowing you to increase its effectiveness. In addition, the use of the latest generation antibiotics ensures reduced treatment of cystitis, reduces the ability to side effects and reduces the risk of the patient's body.
In the treatment of cystitis, fat and spicy foods should be excluded from the diet, increasing the amount of liquid and avoiding the heat. A heating pad is placed in the lower abdomen to help cystitis. The complex treatment of cystitis in the use of ionoporesis, UHF or may cause noise is possible. We must not forget that in the presence of certain gynecological diseases, physical and thermal procedures are contraindicated.
Useful advice on the prevention of cystitis:Try to avoid lower body heat.
Despite the circumstances, follow the personal hygiene rules.
For hygienic procedures, use neutral detergent.
During menstruation, changing the sanitary pads in a timely manner.
Bladder drum in time.
Increase the amount of liquid.
Too tight clothes can worsen blood circulation in the pelvis, so it is better to refuse such clothes.
Try to normalize the work of the intestines. With constipation trend, the ratio of fruit and vegetables should be increased in a diet.
